[LINUX] 1. ANSIBLE 설치

Ansible 설치 

목차

Ansible 이란?

Ansible은 오픈소스 IT 자동화 툴입니다. 이전과 달리 데이터의 전체적인 증가로 인해 클라우드 인프라 방식으로 변하고 있습니다. 관리해야 할 대상이 많아졌고 동시다발적인 형태의 서버의 배포와 자동화가 필요해졌습니다. 이를 더 쉽고 간단하게 도와주는 것이 Ansible입니다. 프로비저닝, 구성 관리, 서버 및 애플리케이션 배포 등을 자동화합니다. 소프트웨어의 설치뿐만 아니라, Task 등록과 Server에 맞는 패치 등을 진행합니다. 

 

 

구성 환경 ( Ansible Control / Managed Node )

[가상머신_Ansible server_Control Node]
Processor : 1
RAM : 2G
Network : 
 enp0s3 : 10.0.2.15(NAT)
 enp0s8 : 192.168.59.11
 
[가상머신_Managed Node]
Processor : 1
RAM : 2G
Network : 
 enp0s3 : 10.0.2.15(NAT)
 enp0s8 : 192.168.59.12
 
[OS Version_CentOS 7.9]
# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

 

Step 1. Epel 레포지토리 추가

 

# yum install -y epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirror.kakao.com
 * extras: mirror.kakao.com
 * updates: mirror.kakao.com
base                                                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                          | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                         | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                   | 153 kB  00:00:00     
(2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                               | 243 kB  00:00:00     
(3/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                 | 6.1 MB  00:00:03     
(4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                              |  14 MB  00:00:04     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-11 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================
 Package                      Arch                   Version              Repository              Size
=======================================================================================================
Installing:
 epel-release                 noarch                 7-11                 extras                  15 k

Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 15 k
Installed size: 24 k
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/extras/packages/epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm is not installed
epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm                                                    |  15 kB  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
 Userid     : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
 Package    : centos-release-7-9.2009.0.el7.centos.x86_64 (@anaconda)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                                            1/1 
  Verifying  : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                                            1/1 

Installed:
  epel-release.noarch 0:7-11                                                                           

Complete!


# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.kakao.com
 * epel: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
 * extras: mirror.kakao.com
 * updates: mirror.kakao.com
repo id                       repo name                                                       status
base/7/x86_64                 CentOS-7 - Base                                                 10,072
epel/x86_64                   Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                  13,743
extras/7/x86_64               CentOS-7 - Extras                                                  500
updates/7/x86_64              CentOS-7 - Updates                                                3,56

* 참고

EPEL은 Extra Packages of Enterprise Linux의 약자로 리눅스의 추가 패키지를 말합니다. 정식 버전에서 업데이트되지 않은 새로운 패키지의 버전을 제공하는 커뮤니티 기반의 저장소라고 생각하면 됩니다.

 

 

 

Step 2. Ansible  설치

 

# yum install ansible
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                            | 9.5 kB  00:00:00     
 * base: mirror.kakao.com
 * epel: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
 * extras: mirror.kakao.com
 * updates: mirror.kakao.com
epel                                                                            | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
(1/3): epel/x86_64/group_gz                                                     |  96 kB  00:00:00     
(2/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                   | 7.0 MB  00:00:02     
(3/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                   | 1.1 MB  00:00:02     
Resolving Dependencies
...

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================
 Package                                    Arch          Version                  Repository     Size
=======================================================================================================
Installing:
 ansible                                    noarch        2.9.27-1.el7             epel           17 M
Installing for dependencies:
 PyYAML                                     x86_64        3.10-11.el7              base          153 k
 libyaml                                    x86_64        0.1.4-11.el7_0           base           55 k
 python-babel                               noarch        0.9.6-8.el7              base          1.4 M
 python-backports                           x86_64        1.0-8.el7                base          5.8 k
 python-backports-ssl_match_hostname        noarch        3.5.0.1-1.el7            base           13 k
 python-cffi                                x86_64        1.6.0-5.el7              base          218 k
 python-enum34                              noarch        1.0.4-1.el7              base           52 k
 python-idna                                noarch        2.4-1.el7                base           94 k
 python-ipaddress                           noarch        1.0.16-2.el7             base           34 k
 python-jinja2                              noarch        2.7.2-4.el7              base          519 k
 python-markupsafe                          x86_64        0.11-10.el7              base           25 k
 python-paramiko                            noarch        2.1.1-9.el7              base          269 k
 python-ply                                 noarch        3.4-11.el7               base          123 k
 python-pycparser                           noarch        2.14-1.el7               base          104 k
 python-setuptools                          noarch        0.9.8-7.el7              base          397 k
 python-six                                 noarch        1.9.0-2.el7              base           29 k
 python2-cryptography                       x86_64        1.7.2-2.el7              base          502 k
 python2-httplib2                           noarch        0.18.1-3.el7             epel          125 k
 python2-jmespath                           noarch        0.9.4-2.el7              epel           41 k
 python2-pyasn1                             noarch        0.1.9-7.el7              base          100 k
 sshpass                                    x86_64        1.06-2.el7               extras         21 k

Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+21 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 21 M
Installed size: 122 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

...

Installed:
  ansible.noarch 0:2.9.27-1.el7                                                                        

Dependency Installed:
  PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-11.el7                                  libyaml.x86_64 0:0.1.4-11.el7_0         
  python-babel.noarch 0:0.9.6-8.el7                            python-backports.x86_64 0:1.0-8.el7     
  python-backports-ssl_match_hostname.noarch 0:3.5.0.1-1.el7   python-cffi.x86_64 0:1.6.0-5.el7        
  python-enum34.noarch 0:1.0.4-1.el7                           python-idna.noarch 0:2.4-1.el7          
  python-ipaddress.noarch 0:1.0.16-2.el7                       python-jinja2.noarch 0:2.7.2-4.el7      
  python-markupsafe.x86_64 0:0.11-10.el7                       python-paramiko.noarch 0:2.1.1-9.el7    
  python-ply.noarch 0:3.4-11.el7                               python-pycparser.noarch 0:2.14-1.el7    
  python-setuptools.noarch 0:0.9.8-7.el7                       python-six.noarch 0:1.9.0-2.el7         
  python2-cryptography.x86_64 0:1.7.2-2.el7                    python2-httplib2.noarch 0:0.18.1-3.el7  
  python2-jmespath.noarch 0:0.9.4-2.el7                        python2-pyasn1.noarch 0:0.1.9-7.el7     
  sshpass.x86_64 0:1.06-2.el7                                 

Complete!

* 참고

agent less인 ansible은 control node에만 설치를 진행하면 됩니다. 두 서버 모두 ssh는 설치되어야 합니다.

 

 

Step 3. Ansible  버전 확인

 

# rpm -qa | grep ansible
ansible-2.9.27-1.el7.noarch

# ansible --version
ansible 2.9.27
  config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = [u'/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', u'/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 2.7.5 (default, Oct 14 2020, 14:45:30) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)]

 

* 참고

rpm 명령어를 통해서 버전을 확인합니다.